Society, Ethics, and Technology, 5th Edition test bank Morton Winston | Ralph Edelbach solutions manual and test bank

Society, Ethics, and Technology, 5th Edition test bank Morton Winston | Ralph Edelbach solutions manual and test bank

Winston Edelbach

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MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Who held that technological innovations establish a framework for public order?

a.	Paul Loser	c.	Bill Gates
b.	Langdon Winner	d.	Alfred Nobel

ANS: B

Langdon Winner held that technological innovations are similar to political foundings in that they establish a framework for public order.

PTS: 1

2. What technology did the village of Ibieca find came at the expense of community integration?

a.	The telephone	c.	The Internet
b.	Indoor plumbing	d.	The telegraph

ANS: B

The Spanish village of Ibieca found that its indoor plumbing came at the expense of community integration.

PTS: 1

3. According to Turk, what criteria do children who play with computers that “talk” and “think” use for distinguishing things that are alive from things that are not?

a.	Social criteria	c.	Material criteria
b.	Physical criteria	d.	Psychological criteria

ANS: D

According to Turk, children who play with computers that appear to think use psychological rather than physical criteria to distinguish things that are alive from things that are not.

PTS: 1

4. A technology’s ostensive intended purpose is termed its:

a.	Focal function	c.	Latent function
b.	Polypotent function	d.	Prime directive

ANS: A

Richard Sclove terms a technology’s ostensive intended purpose its focal function.

PTS: 1

5. Why does the “el cortito” hoe have a short handle?

a.	For ease of use	c.	For hoeing efficiency
b.	To enable supervisors to tell who is working and who is not	d.	As an accident of design

ANS: B

The “el cortito” hoe’s short handle requires its user to bend over; this enables supervisors to tell which agricultural workers are working and which are not.

PTS: 1

6. Who argues that the revolution in information technology is creating a global economy?

a.	Manuel Castells	c.	Manuel Vargas
b.	Don Quixote	d.	Peter Giddens

ANS: A

Manuel Castells argues that the revolution in IT is creating a global economy.

PTS: 1

7. Which government is committed to placing a computer in every classroom?

a.	The U.S. government	c.	The UK government
b.	The Swedish government	d.	The German government

ANS: C

The UK government is committed to placing a computer in every classroom to guarantee equality of education.

PTS: 1

8. Who wrote One Dimensional Man?

a.	Marcuse	c.	Uffrey
b.	Vargas	d.	Habermas

ANS: A

Marcuse wrote One Dimensional Man in 1968.

PTS: 1

9. Who distinguished between technical rationality and substantive rationality?

a.	Marcuse	c.	Uffrey
b.	Giddens	d.	Habermas

ANS: D

Habermas distinguished between technical and substantive rationality, where the former may “colonize” the latter.

PTS: 1

10. Who wrote The Structure of Scientific Revolutions?

a.	Marcuse	c.	Habermas
b.	Young	d.	Kuhn

ANS: D

Kuhn wrote The Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1970.

PTS: 1

11. What does STS stand for?

a.	Social Technology Society	c.	Study of Technological Shifts
b.	Social Studies of Science and Technology	d.	Study of Social and Technological Shifts

ANS: B

STS stands for Social Studies of Science and Technology and was developed in the 1970s.

PTS: 1

12. STS has its origins in the belief that:

a.	Science is a force for evil	c.	Technological innovation is amenable to sociological analysis
b.	Science is a force for social disintegration	d.	Technological innovation can only be controlled by political regulation

ANS: C

STS has its origins in the belief that technological innovation is amenable to sociological analysis.

PTS: 1

13. What is a “brown good”?

a.	One that is ethically suspect	c.	One that is for leisure and entertainment
b.	One that is marketed to single men	d.	One that is designed to fail

ANS: C

A brown good is marketed as a good that is primarily for leisure and entertainment.

PTS: 1

14. Who developed the seven key “sites of power”?

a.	Habermas	c.	Kuhn
b.	Held	d.	Dyer

ANS: B

Held developed the seven key “sites of power.”

PTS: 1

15. Who is most closely associated with the metaphor of the panopticon?

a.	Foucault	c.	Dyer
b.	Habermas	d.	Held

ANS: A

Foucault is most closely associated with the metaphor of the panopticon.

PTS: 1

16. Who developed the concept of “delegation to non-humans”?

a.	Foucault	c.	Habermas
b.	Kuhn	d.	Latour

ANS: D

Latour developed this concept in 1992.

PTS: 1

17. Who perfected an electric generator in 1831?

a.	Nikola Tesla	c.	Thomas Edison
b.	Michael Faraday	d.	Alexander Graham Bell

ANS: B

Faraday perfected an electric generator in England in 1831.

PTS: 1

18. How many generating plants were in the United States by 1902?

a.	1	c.	2,250
b.	4,000	d.	4,001

ANS: C

After applying for licenses from the Edison Electric Light Company, approximately 2,250 plants were in the United States after there was only one in 1882.

PTS: 1

19. In 1860, which of these port cities had at least 100,000 people?

a.	Washington, D.C.	c.	Miami
b.	Philadelphia	d.	Tampa Bay

ANS: B

Philadelphia, along with eight other American port cities, had at least 100,000 people.

PTS: 1

20. In the period between 1870 and 1920, what installations seemed to become more important than ports for transport in the new industrial economy?

a.	Railroad stations	c.	Bus stations
b.	Electric power plants	d.	Airports

ANS: A

Railroad stations demonstrated the increasing importance of trains in transporting manufactured products.

PTS: 1